Sunday, March 16, 2008

Before "remember El Alamo" was Mexico

Prior to Spain conquering Texas, Texas was inhabited by natives. In the 1520s Spain begins its incursion of Texas. Álvarez de Pineda was followed by Pánfilo de Narváez in exploring Florida and Texas. Eventually only four Spanish explorers survive,Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, Andrés Dorantes de Carranza, Estevanico, and Alonso Castillo Maldonadoqqv, reaching Mexico City in 1536. Cabeza de Vaca was the first to write about native Texans such as the Mariames, Avavares, and Yguaces. In the 1540s Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, Hernando De Soto, and Luis de Moscoso Alvarado added to the exploration of Texas and surrounding areas.
As the Spanish crown begins to exploit New Spain it begins to conquer natives through presidios and the establishment of Catholic missions (Franciscan order). Colonization of the new territories is continued by private enterprises. In 1595 Juan de Oñate receives the first contract to occupy New Mexico beginning a series of private incursions. In 1680 the Pueblo Revolt in New Mexico forced relocation of settlements to Texas territories.
In the 1680 a navigation error by René Robert Cavelier (Sieur de La Salle) brings the attention of Spain over French colonists but La Salle's colony failed due to harsh conditions found in Texas. In 1690 San Francisco de los Tejas was the first mission established in East Texas. Later in 1710s Father Francisco Hidalgo requests the assistance of the French colonies located in Louisiana to extend his mission work in east Texas. Louis Juchereau de St. Denis was assigned the incursion of France into Texas which eventually forced Spain to permanently occupy the Texas territory.
In 1721 Marqués de San Miguel de Aguayo, a wealthy gentleman and experience soldier, is sent to re-establish missions in East Texas bringing with him large number of herds thus beginning ranching in Texas and the end of French claims of Texas and eventual session of Louisiana to Spain in 1762. Then King of Spain Charles III ordered Marqués de Rubí to assess Texas leading to declaring San Antonio as the capital of Texas. Over time Spain continues to struggle establishing control over Texas opting for populating the area with Spaniards against the establishment of English men, Americans and native Texans. In 1811 José Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara and Augustus W. Magee declare the independence of the state of Texas starting a conflict between Spain and Texans. However, the Mexican War of Independence of 1821 makes Texas part of the new nation of Mexico.
José Antonio Navarro, a prominent Mexican, represented Coahuila and Texas to the Mexican congress and in 1835 supported Texas statehood and eventual indipendence. Navarro, his uncle José Francisco Ruiz, and Lorenzo de Zavala were the only three Mexicans included in signing the Texas Declaration of Independence. Navarro was an advocate of Tejano rights against the contempt of Anglo-Texans. He also advocated the annexation of Texas to the United Stated and was the only Hispanic delegate to the 1845 Convention in which Texas was accepted into the Union.
Navarro and Stephen F. Austin developed a close friendship finding mutual support in their desire to colonize Texas.

In 1823 Stephen F. Austin receives a grant from the Mexican government to colonize the Brazos River. Texas used to be part of Spain and then gained its independence as part of Mexico. Parallel to the history of the US and England, Texas people "Tejanos" were happy being part of Mexico but liked their independence. Then there is a gentleman by the name of Jose Antonio Navarro who was a prominent Tejano. Then was S.F. Austin who discovered the goodness of Texas and invited many Anglos to relocated to Texas. So the many Anglos that relocated to Texas became naturalized Mexicans. Bot Navarro and Austin formed a gret friendship and both were pro Mexicans.
Before David Crockett and El Alamo were the Tejanos who revealed against the control of Santa Anna.
Often
It might also be noted that there may have been a Masonic influence to the adoption of a five-pointed star for Texas. George K. Teulon in Freemasons’ Monthly Magazine in 1844 noted, "Texas is emphatically a Masonic Country; all of our Presidents and Vice-President, and four-fifths of our State Officers were and are Masons: by Freemasonry to illustrate the moral virtues--it is a Five Pointed Star...May it ever bind us in the holy Bond of Fraternal Union and govern our social, Masonic, and Political intercourse."

No comments: